The Tuaregs are inhabitants of the central Sahara and its borders. Often nomadic, their sedentarization has accelerated since the second half of the twentieth century.
Distributed and divided into several confederations and tribes, one and a half million Touaregs live in five African countries (Algeria, Libya, Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso).
They speak a Berber language, tamajaq, tamasheq or tamahaq depending on the region. They use an alphabet called tifinagh.
They are confronted with forms of cultural and linguistic assimilation and economic and political marginalization which led them to armed struggle in the 1990s.
Many have abandoned nomadism and settled in large cities along the Sahara, Like Tamanrasset in Algeria or Agadez in Niger, or the capitals of the Sahelian states (Bamako, Niamey).
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